11/14/2022 0 Comments Spss 25 citationAnd although Kris Preacher and I have collaborated many times, we did not collaborate in the development of PROCESS. PROCESS did not exist prior to 2012, so citing a paper prior to 2012 as a reference for PROCESS wouldn't make sense. I have seen people make reference the "PROCESS procedure created by Preacher and Hayes" (or use similar language), citing our 2004 or 2008 papers published in Behavior Research Methods. If you have this paper archived on the internet somewhere where it is publicly accessible, you'd do the world a service by removing it as its presence is causing confusion in many. I stopped circulating this paper in 2013, and it is now outdated and not a sensible citation for PROCESS since it corresponds to version 2. Unfortunately, many people cite a 2012 white paper I wrote that you will find circulating online that has been posted in various places without my permission. These mistakes are easily avoided by reading the documentation. I have seen many instances of researchers reporting results from the output of PROCESS that are inconsistent with what PROCESS actually is doing. It may not be doing what you think it is doing. I don't recommend using PROCESS without familiarity with what it does, described in the book. Good academic practice is to cite something only if you have actually read it and are familiar with its content. Question: How do I cite PROCESS in a manuscript or publication?Īnswer: The official documentation for PROCESS is Introduction to Mediation, Moderation, and Conditional Process Analysis. I have written entire books and journal articles related to PROCESS and the methods it implements. I rarely respond to questions about interpretation of output. I will not open Word, PowerPoint, SPSS output, or documents in any other format in order to lessen the likelihood of virus transmission. With the exception of data files and PROCESS syntax, all documents should be sent as PDF files. For a discussion of the benefits of using syntax rather than a point-and-click interface when doing data analysis, see my Using SPSS Syntax document. It is difficult for me to diagnose problems you might be having if you are using the custom dialog box. It is usually helpful to send me a diagram of the model you are estimating (or mention the model number) your PROCESS output in its entirety (not just small sections), and the PROCESS command you executed. Questions like "Does PROCESS work for repeated measures designs?" or "Can PROCESS analyze panel data?" are impossible for me to answer without more details about what you are doing because the terms being used ("repeated measures" or "panel data") are too vague to convey useful information about your design, question, or intended analysis. If you are going to email me a question and want to increase the probability of a response, please be very specific and tell me which version of PROCESS you are using. For some reason, German email systems seem to reject my responses more often than systems in other countries. It may also be that your email server is rejecting email from and so you aren't receiving my reply. I receive a lot of email about PROCESS and my work. Thus, if I don't respond to you at all or within a week or two, there is chance the answer to your question is available in one of these sources, though sometimes it takes longer. I try to answer all questions sent to me from PROCESS users through although I may not respond if the question is answered in the documentation, in Introduction to Mediation, Moderation, and Conditional Process Analysis, or on this FAQ page. Question: Can I email you questions I have about the use of PROCESS?Īnswer: Questions about PROCESS should be directed to I don't do consulting through or respond to questions on Twitter.
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